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GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
Version 3, 29 June 2007
Copyright (C) 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. <https://fsf.org/>
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state the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least
the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.
<one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.>
Copyright (C) <year> <name of author>
This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
GNU General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with this program. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.
If the program does terminal interaction, make it output a short
notice like this when it starts in an interactive mode:
<program> Copyright (C) <year> <name of author>
This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'.
This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
under certain conditions; type `show c' for details.
The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate
parts of the General Public License. Of course, your program's commands
might be different; for a GUI interface, you would use an "about box".
You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or school,
if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if necessary.
For more information on this, and how to apply and follow the GNU GPL, see
<https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
The GNU General Public License does not permit incorporating your program
into proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you
may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with
the library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Lesser General
Public License instead of this License. But first, please read
<https://www.gnu.org/licenses/why-not-lgpl.html>.

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if ps -ef|grep "nginx"|egrep -v grep >/dev/null
then
echo "1"
fi

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@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
{
"version": "1",
"title": "Gitcourse Guide",
"author": "Freeman",
"description": "欢迎来到Gitcourse课程制作指南。本指南涵盖了Gircourse的基本重要特性,主要包括:项目构成、课件制作、流程控制。",
"preload": "scripts/auth.js",
"scenarios": [
{
"title": "Gitcourse基础知识",
"shell":"/bin/bash",
"vscode_port":1234,
"environment": "registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/envs/gitcourse:test",
"description": "一开始,将学习关于gitcourse项目文件目录结构的所有基础内容。",
"steps": [
{
"program":"scripts/bootstrap.sh",
"title": "项目概览",
"text": "scenario/ep1/1.md",
"oj":"http://online-judge.kfcoding.com/problem/1-2"
},
{
"title": "发布课程",
"text": "scenario/ep1/2.md"
},
{
"title": "访问课程",
"text": "scenario/ep1/3.md"
}
]
},
{
"title": "Gitcours图文课件制作",
"shell":"/bin/bash",
"environment": "registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/envs/gitcourse:test",
"description": "接下来,将学习如何制作gitcourse图文课件。",
"steps": [
{
"title": "查看已经修改的容器",
"text": "scenario/ep3/0.md"
},
{
"title": "Markdown语法及规范",
"text": "scenario/ep3/1.md",
"extraTab":"https://www.w3cschool.cn/markdownyfsm/markdownyfsm-odm6256r.html"
},
{
"title": "图片插入",
"text": "scenario/ep3/2.md"
}
]
},
{
"title": "Gitcours配置文件:基础部分",
"shell":"/bin/bash",
"environment": "registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/envs/gitcourse:v1",
"description": "接下来,将学习如何填写gitcourse的配置文件。首先是基础部分",
"steps": [
{
"title": "course.json基本字段",
"text": "scenario/ep4/1.md",
"extraTab":"http://gitcourse.kfcoding.com/?compact=true#https://code.kfcoding.com/liuchangfreeman/gitcourse-guide"
},
{
"title": "scenario基础字段",
"text": "scenario/ep4/2.md",
"extraTab":"http://gitcourse.kfcoding.com/scenarios/0?compact=true#https://code.kfcoding.com/liuchangfreeman/gitcourse-guide"
},
{
"title": "step基础字段",
"text": "scenario/ep4/3.md",
"extraTab":"http://gitcourse.kfcoding.com/?compact=true#https://code.kfcoding.com/liuchangfreeman/gitcourse-guide"
}
]
},
{
"title": "Gitcours配置文件:进阶",
"shell":"/bin/bash",
"environment": "registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/envs/gitcourse:v1",
"description": "接下来,将通过一个例子学习使用gitcourse配置文件的高阶内容。",
"steps": [
{
"title": "配置容器服务",
"program":"scripts/init.sh",
"text": "scenario/ep5/1.md",
"check":"check/check.sh"
},
{
"title": "访问容器服务",
"text": "scenario/ep5/2.md",
"extraTab": "[domain]:[:8888]/index.html"
},
{
"title": "外部网页",
"text": "scenario/ep5/3.md",
"extraTab":"http://www.baidu.com"
}
]
}
]
}

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## GitCourse项目结构
一个典型的GitCourse目录结构如下所示:
```
- 项目根目录
|- course.json
|- shell
|-- 1.1-check.sh
|-- 1.2-check.sh
|- scenario
|-- 1.1-sample1.md
|-- 1.2-sample2.md
|- script
|-- auth.js
|-- complete.js
|-- preload.js
|- ...其它文件或者目录
```
每一个GitCourse项目根目录下都含有一个`course.json`这是核心配置文件
其余文件将在配置文件中以**相对路径**的形式进行访问
您可以自由地组织其余文件,但是务必确保`course.json`处于根目录下
示例中一个合理的文件路径可以为`shell\1.1-check.sh`

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## 任务
`git clone https://code.kfcoding.com/liuchangfreeman/gitcourse-guide`使用命令拉取本课程的项目文件。
`cd gitcourse-guide`使用命令进入示例目录。
这是一个已经初始化完毕的示例gitcouse项目,下面我们将学习如何将其发布到代码托管平台上。
` git remote rm origin `使用命令删除已存在的远程仓库地址。
` git remote add origin git@github.com:gitcourse-sample/gitcourse-guide.git `命令使用将远程仓库地址设置为https://github.com/gitcourse-sample/gitcourse-guide
` git push -u -f origin master `使用命令将代码上传到github仓库中。
## 专家提示
免密码登录github需要将系统的ssh-key绑定到账号中,在本示例中这一步骤已预完成,具体教程请参考 [如何绑定ssh-key到github账号](https://www.cnblogs.com/wx1993/p/6646973.html)。

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## 观察
在上一步中您已将代码发布到了https://github.com/gitcourse-sample/gitcourse-guide
您可以通过此链接访问刚刚发布的gitcourse:
http://gitcourse.kfcoding.com/#https://github.com/gitcourse-sample/gitcourse-guide
我们支持在querystring中添加参数开启gitcourse的编辑模式,您可以通过此链接进行容器镜像的编辑:
http://gitcourse.kfcoding.com/?edit=true#https://github.com/gitcourse-sample/gitcourse-guide

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# GitCourse容器镜像制作
现在,您已进入gitcourse的容器镜像制作模式
右侧终端连接到了一个已经启动的**Docker容器**,在**12小时**内您可以对该容器进行修改,并在任意时刻提交该容器并持久化为可供多人使用的**Docker镜像**
在开始容器镜像制作之前,您需要首先进行以下准备工作:
1. 向管理员获取镜像仓库服务器地址(目前支持registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com)
2. 获取镜像仓库的账号和密码
3. 学习基于命令行的Linux系统基本操作

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# 修改容器内容
现在您已获取到一个基础容器镜像,您可以在此之上对其进行修改
学员将使用制作完成的镜像进行学习,例如执行shell命令或者在提供的web网页上进行操作
## 简单的例子
`date +镜像修改于%Y年%m月%d日%H:%M -d "+8 hour" >>temp`
使用此命令在根目录下创建一个文件,您将保存当前时间到容器中
`cat temp`
使用此命令查看您创建的文件内容,下一步将保存此容器为镜像
当您使用新创建的镜像制作新课程时,将可以直接查看到之前创建的内容

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# 保存容器为镜像
在这一步,您将可以把上一步修改的容器保存为镜像
1. 镜像仓库服务器请填写*registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com*
2. 镜像仓库账号和密码请询问系统管理员
3. 新镜像的名称请填写为**gitcourse:test**
4. 点击**提交**按钮,数十秒后将会提示成功创建镜像
创建完成后,您将会得到容器镜像地址,请保存,这个地址将在以后的场景中用到
![](/scenario/images/1.png)

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# 预览上一步的修改
本场景的定义如下,使用了上一场景修改的镜像**registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/envs/gitcourse:test**
```
{
"title": "Gitcours图文课件制作",
"shell":"/bin/bash",
"environment": "registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/envs/gitcourse:test",
"description": "接下来,将学习如何制作gitcourse图文课件。",
"steps": [
{
"title": "查看已经修改的容器",
"text": "scenario/ep3/0.md"
},
...(略)...
]
}
```
您可以通过此命令观察到这是由刚才修改的容器保存的镜像启动而来:
`cat temp`

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# Gitcourse课件制作规范
**适用于团队的统一 MarkDown 书写规范**
由于 MarkDown 语法在细节的书写方式很多,为了让不同个体的文档传产出结构一致,提炼出此规范。
该规范遵循 [MarkDown 官方语法] 以及 [GitHub MakDown 语法],旨在统一书写格式和代码风格,将多种写法统一。
## 1.1全局规范
* MarkDown 文件均使用`.md`作为后缀 (**小写字母**)
* 普通文本换行,使用行末尾`2空格`触发
## 格式规范
### 标题结构格式
1. 标题与紧贴的`上下正文`使用`1整行换行`隔开
2. `#`号和文字之间`1个空格`连接
3. 标题层级如下,最多6级
```
# 顶级标题 等价于 title 和 <h1>
## 次级标题 等价于 <h2>
### 3级标题 等价于 <h3>
#### 4级标题 等价于 <h4>
##### 5级标题 等价于 <h5>
###### 6级标题 等价于 <h6>
####### 注:此行错误,标题层级最多6级 没有<h7>标签
```
### 加强和强调规范
以下两种写法都是正确的,请统一为**第一种**,即一律使用 `**加强` `*强调`
```
*emphasize* **strong** 相当于<strong>标签和<em>标签
_emphasize_ __strong__
```
使用`~~`给文字添加删除线
```
~~strikethrough~~
```
### 代码块规范
* 行内代码使用`1对波浪号` 如: \`hello world!\`
* 块级代码使用`3个波浪号` 或 `整体4空格缩进`,且上下均用`整行隔开`,如下: (**占用7行**)
```
<?php
echo '看我源码 - 3个波浪号';
?>
```
<?php
echo '看我源码 - 4空格缩进';
?>
### 列表写法
* 列号`1.` 或者`* `后其后内容`空格`隔开
* 列表块前后`整行隔开` 如下:
```
1. Windows
2. Mac
3. iOS
* iPhone
* iPad
4. Android
```
**实际预览:**
1. Windows
2. Mac
3. iOS
* iPhone
* iPad
4. Android
```
* Windows
* Mac
* iOS
* Android
1. v3.2
2. v4.1
```
**实际预览:**
* Windows
* Mac
* iOS
* Android
1. v3.2
2. v4.1
### 其他标签规范
链接和Email
Inline:
```
An [example](http://url.com/ "Title")
```
引用样式标签 (titles are optional):
An [example][id]. Then, anywhere
else in the doc, define the link:
[id]: http://example.com/ "Title"
Email:
```
An email <example@example.com> link.
```
插图
Inline (titles are optional):
```
![alt text](/path/img.jpg "Title")
```
引用式插图:
![alt text][id]
[id]: /url/to/img.jpg "Title"
引用块及嵌套
> Email-style angle brackets
> are used for blockquotes.
> > And, they can be nested.
> #### Headers in blockquotes
>
> * You can quote a list.
> * Etc.
内联代码
`<code>` 段落中的用法
也可以 `` `代码中包含波浪号` ``.
代码块
Indent every line of a code block by at least 4 spaces or 1 tab.
代码的每行都最少用4个空格或者一个制表符(tab)
我是普通文本块
我是一个预格式化的
代码块.
水平分割线
三个`连字符-`:
---
### 表格规范
一个简单的表格看起来如下:
第一个头部 | 第二个头部 | 第三个头部
--------|---------|-------
内容格子 | 内容格子 | 内容格子
内容格子 | 内容格子 | 内容格子
每列的对齐可以通过在分割线上添加冒号来实现:
第一个头部 | 第二个头部 | 第三个头部
:--------|:---------:|-------:
左对齐 | 居中 | 右对齐
左对齐 | 居中 | 右对齐
---

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# Gitcourse课件图片插入
您可以直接将图片内置在gitcourse项目中
您也可以使用对象存储上传图片,并在上传完图片后获取到超链接并以MarkDown的格式引入到课件中
`![标题](链接)`
```
- 项目根目录
|- course.json
|- scenario
|-- ep3
|-- 0.md
|-- 1.md
|- images
|-- 1.png
|-- 2.png
|- ...其它文件或者目录
```
在本示例中,访问文件目录中的*2.png*的正确做法是:
`![](../images/2.png)`
![](../images/2.png)

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# course.json基础字段定义
| 字段 | 类型 | 默认值 | 说明 |
| ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- |
| version | string | "1" | 所使用的GitCourse解释器版本,目前只支持版本"1" |
| title | string | "" | 课程标题 |
| author | string | "" | 作者 |
| description | string | "" | 课程简介 |
| scenarios | array | [] | 课程的场景,将会按顺序逐个进行解析 |
| preload | string | "" | 预加载的js脚本,用于进行Docker服务器认证 |
在右侧的GitCourse示例中,基础字段的填写方法为:
```
{
"version": "1",
"title": "Gitcourse Guide",
"author": "Freeman",
"description": "欢迎来到Gitcourse课程制作指南。本指南涵盖了Gircourse的基本重要特性,主要包括:项目构成、实训环境、课件制作、流程控制。",
"preload": "scripts/auth.js",
"scenarios": [...(略)...]
}
```
其中scenarios是一个列表,定义了本课程所具有的场景,将在下一节进行详细说明

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# scenario字段定义
| 字段 | 类型 | 默认值 | 说明 |
| ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- |
| title | string | "" | 场景打开时显示的标题 |
| description | string | "" | 场景的描述 |
| shell | string | "/bin/sh" | 指定终端使用*/bin/sh*还是*/bin/bash* |
| docker_endpoint | string | "" | 所使用的docker容器服务的提供方,不指定则使用当前gitcourse服务方所提供的全局地址 |
| environment | string | "null" | 本场景所使用的docker容器镜像 |
| steps | array | [] | 场景的步骤,将会按顺序逐个进行解析,以供学员分步骤完成本场景的学习 |
在本章的GitCourse示例中,其基础字段的填写方法为:
```
{
"title": "Gitcours配置文件详解:基础部分",
"shell":"/bin/bash",
"environment": "registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/envs/gitcourse:test",
"description": "接下来,将学习如何填写gitcourse的配置文件。首先是基础部分",
"steps": [...(略)...]
}
```
其中steps是一个列表,定义了本场景所具有的步骤,将在下一节进行详细说明

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# step字段定义
| 字段 | 类型 | 默认值 | 说明 |
| ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- |
| title | string | "" | 此步骤的标题 |
| text | string | "null" | markdown文件的相对路径,用于在此步骤中展示 |
| program | string | "null" | shell脚本的相对路径,步骤初始化时在docker容器中执行 |
| check | string | "null" | shell脚本的相对路径,用户点击完成步骤时在docker容器中执行,用于检查完成情况。当脚本检查通过后应当输出任意字符,否则本步骤不会进入下一步(当脚本执行出错时,也会进入下一步)。 |
| extraTab | string | "null" | 实训环境除了可以使用默认的docker容器命令行之外,还可以在一个iframe中访问web网页,该服务既可以由容器提供也可以是外部网页。 |
在本步骤的GitCourse示例中,其基础字段的填写方法为:
```
{
"title": "step基础字段",
"text": "scenario/ep4/3.md",
"extraTab":"http://gitcourse.kfcoding.com/?compact=true#https://code.kfcoding.com/liuchangfreeman/gitcourse-guide"
}
```

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# 容器内部服务
这是本步骤的定义:
```
{
"title": "配置容器服务",
"program":"scripts/init.sh",
"text": "scenario/ep5/1.md",
"check":"check/check.sh"
}
```
本步骤中使用到了**program**与**check**字段,这两个字段分别引用了一个在本步骤开始前执行,以及结束时用于检查当前步骤是否完成的shell脚本,下面将以此为实例,介绍这两个字段的用途。
## 初始化脚本
`date +gitcourse服务器端脚本执行于%Y年%m月%d日%H:%M -d "+8 hour" >>temp`
这是*scripts/init.sh*的具体内容,它的作用是在本步骤开始前,将当前的时间打印到*/temp*文件中,我们将在下一步中通过容器内部服务访问到此文件的内容
## 准备工作
这是/etc/nginx/nginx.conf的内容
```
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
server {
default_type 'text/html';
charset utf-8;
listen 8888;
location / {
root /;
index index.html;
}
}
}
```
此实验已经预装了**nginx**服务,并在配置文件中指定了**8888**端口作为对外服务的入口
并且在根目录下放置了一个*index.html*文件,当本步骤开启后,您将可以通过nginx服务访问到*index.html*以及由*init.sh*创建的*temp*文件
但是在此之前,请完成**nginx服务的开启**:
`service nginx start`
否则在下一步将无法访问由容器提供的服务
## 检查脚本
为了确保学员完成必要的前置任务,您可以通过**check**字段指定一个检查脚本
这是当前步骤的*check/check.sh*的内容:
```
if ps -ef|grep "nginx"|egrep -v grep >/dev/null
then
echo "1"
fi
```
当且仅当容器中已运行nginx服务时,才会允许进入下一步。当您在编写检查脚本时,需要注意以下几点:
1. 脚本默认通过*/bin/bash*来执行
2. 有任何输出或者报错,均会允许进入下一步
3. 没有任何输出才不会进入下一步

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# 访问容器服务
在上一步中您启动了容器内部的nginx服务,但是并不能直接对其进行访问
受到复杂的网络环境限制,对容器内部服务的访问依赖于代理转发
但是您不必关注此步骤是如何实现的,gitcourse对于特定端口的http服务有较为完美的转发方案
## 查看nginx服务
在右侧的iframe中,您看到的是上一步中的*/index.html*的内容
在其中有一个超链接,指向了上一步一开始创建的*/temp*文件,点开它,您可以看到以下内容:
`gitcourse服务器端脚本执行于XX年XX月XX日XX:XX `
## 使用extraTab字段访问容器内部服务
这是本步骤的定义:
```
{
"title": "访问容器服务",
"text": "scenario/ep5/2.md",
"extraTab": "[domain]:[:8888]/index.html"
}
```
通过**extraTab**访问容器内部服务,需要严格以以下格式进行填写:
`[domain]:[:内部服务监听的端口号]访问路径`
在本示例中,nginx监听了容器的8888端口,同时需要服务的根目录下的/index.html文件

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# extraTab的其他用法
extraTab不仅仅可以用来访问容器内部服务,还可以加载外部网页
但是需要该网页允许本身被iframe加载
本示例中加载的是:http://www.baidu.com

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function getCookie(name) {
var value = `; ${document.cookie}`;
var pairs = value.split("; " + name + "=");
if (pairs.length == 2) {
return pairs.pop().split(";").shift()
};
}
if (document.location.host == 'gitcourse.test.kfcoding.com') {
var token=getCookie('token');
fetch('http://api.kfcoding.com/api/basic/users/current', {
headers: {
'Content-Type': 'application/json',
'Authorization': token
},
method: 'GET',
}).then(response => response.json()).then(data => {
if (data.status !== 200) {
window.location.href = "http://kfcoding.com/user/login?redirect=" + window.location.href;
}
else{
window.env=[`token=${token}`]
}
});
}

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/code-server --auth none --host 0.0.0.0 --port 1234

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function getCookie(name) {
var value = "; " + document.cookie;
var parts = value.split("; " + name + "=");
if (parts.length == 2) return parts.pop().split(";").shift();
}
try {
fetch('http://api.kfcoding.com/api/practice/trains/competition', {
headers: {
'Content-Type': 'application/json',
Authorization: getCookie('token')
},
method: 'POST',
body: JSON.stringify({repo: 'https://github.com/openx-lab/go-study-guide.git'})
}).then(resp => resp.json())
.then(data => {
return fetch('http://api.kfcoding.com/api/practice/trains/competition/end', {
headers: {
'Content-Type': 'application/json',
Authorization: getCookie('token')
},
method: 'PUT',
body: JSON.stringify({id: data.data.id})
})
})
} catch (e) {
console.log(e)
}

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date +gitcourse服务器端脚本执行于%Y年%m月%d日%H:%M -d "+8 hour" >>temp

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function getCookie(name) {
var value = "; " + document.cookie;
var parts = value.split("; " + name + "=");
if (parts.length == 2) return parts.pop().split(";").shift();
}
fetch('http://api.kfcoding.com/api/practice/trains/competition/begin', {
headers: {
'Content-Type': 'application/json',
Authorization: getCookie('token')
},
method: 'POST',
body: JSON.stringify({repo: 'https://github.com/openx-lab/go-study-guide.git'})
}).then(resp => resp.json())
.then(data => {
if (data.data)
localStorage.setItem('comp_id', data.data.id)
});

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