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完成所有步骤,并在实验报告([模板下载](file/assignment1/学号-实验一.docx))中完成穿插在本指南中的`作业1~作业4`(只需要截图)。实验报告转成`“学号-实验一.pdf”`,并上传至http://113.31.104.68:3389/index.htm +##### 实验室管理员为实验室用户创建账号后,用户可以修改初始密码。 -- #### 实验报告上传deadline:`9月25日` +```html + +``` -## 使用产品 -云主机uhost, 私有网络vpc,基础网络unet -## 需要权限 - -云主机uhost, 基础网络unet - -## 实验步骤 - -### 一)登录Ucloud - -#### 1) 查看邮箱,激活账号 - -#### 2)登录Ucloud:[edu.ucloud.cn](https://edu.ucloud.cn),点击右上角“教育云控制台”登录,登录后主界面如下 - -![ucloud主界面](img/assignment1/ucloud主界面.png) - -
-
- -### 二)创建云主机 - -#### 1)从产品列表中选择“云主机” - -![云主机1](img/assignment1/云主机1.png) - -#### 2)选择配置(本实验使用基础配置即可)并创建,如果无法购买,请返回后尝试更换可用区,重新创建。 - -![云主机2](img/assignment1/云主机2.png) - -![云主机3](img/assignment1/云主机3.png) - -![云主机4](img/assignment1/云主机4.png) - -#### 3)配置完成后选择`“按时”`计费,点击“立即购买”->“立即支付”,等待云主机创建完成。创建完成后如下图所示。 - -![云主机5](img/assignment1/云主机5.png) - -#### 4)登录云主机,打开ssh客户端(Mac/Linux的终端,Windows下推荐xshell)输入ssh root@你的云主机ip地址,回车并输入你设置的root密码。登录后界面如下图。 - -![云主机6](img/assignment1/云主机6.png) - -#### 5)创建你的个人账号,并赋予账号sudo(超级用户,等同root)权限。(提示:直接使用root账号有很多安全隐患,一般创建个人普通账号登录系统,如需管理员权限,则将个人账号提升为超级用户) - -![创建用户](img/assignment1/创建用户.png) - -#### 6)退出root后,使用个人账号重新登录(ssh 你的个人账号@你的云主机ip) - -![重新登录](img/assignment1/重新登录.png) - - -### `**************作业1:请将个人账户登录界面截图,并插入实验报告中***************` - - -
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- - -### 三)常用Linux命令练习 - -#### 1)什么是Linux Shell? - -Shell是一个应用程序,接收从键盘输入的命令,并传递给操作系统,完成相应的任务。Linux shell就是Linux系统中使用的shell程序,通常情况下,Linux默认使用bash shell(/bin/bash),每行命令开头带一个$符号。用户通过在Shell中输入Linux命令,与操作系统进行交互。 - -`课后延伸练习`:[Learning the Shell](http://linuxcommand.org/lc3_learning_the_shell.php) - -#### 2)导航命令 - -##### i) `pwd` (print working directory):打印当前工作目录 - -![pwd](img/assignment1/pwd.png) - -##### 提示:/home/你的用户名,是你的个人home目录。在这个目录下,你拥有所有权限(增删改查)。一般登录后会默认进入个人home目录。 - -##### ii) `cd` (change directory):更改工作目录,请按下图所示进行练习。点击看大图。 - -![cd](img/assignment1/cd.png) - -#### 3)文件查看命令 - -##### i) `ls` (list):打印指定目录下所有文件名,如不指定目录,则打印当前目录下文件名。请按下图所示进行练习。 - -![ls](img/assignment1/ls.png) - -##### ii)上传文件到云主机 - -##### 下载一个有内容的文件[a-content.txt](file/assignment1/a-content.txt)。 - -![download](img/assignment1/download.jpeg) - -##### 上传a-content.txt到云主机 - -##### Mac/Linux系统中上传:在本地终端中运行`scp 存储路径/a-content.txt 你的用户名@你的云主机ip:/home/你的用户名/`,例如下图中,a-content.txt在/Users/xuesong/Downloads/files/目录下 - -![scp](img/assignment1/scp.jpeg) - -##### Windows系统中上传:在Xshell中打开Xftp,直接拖拽文件,如下图所示。 - -![上传2](img/assignment1/上传2.png) - - -##### iii)`cat`:在屏幕上打印文件内容,如下图所示 - -![cat](img/assignment1/cat.png) - - - -##### iv)`head/tail`:打印文件首/尾内容(查看大文件)。如下图,分别打印文件前5行和文件最后3行。 - -![head](img/assignment1/head.png) - - -##### v)`grep`:打印包含指定内容的行(关键字符查找)。如下图,打印a-content.txt中包含"5"和"line 5"的行。 - -![grep](img/assignment1/grep.png) - - -### `**************作业2:上传model.py,打印文件中定义的所有函数,并将打印结果截图插入实验报告。(提示:思考函数定义的共同点)**************` - -### [点我下载model.py](file/assignment1/model.py) - -#### 4)文件操作命令 - -##### i)`mkdir`:创建新目录 - -![mkdir](img/assignment1/mkdir.png) - -##### ii)`cp`:复制文件/文件夹(若复制文件夹,需加-r选项) - -![cp](img/assignment1/cp.png) - -##### iii)`mv`:移动文件/文件夹 - -![mv](img/assignment1/mv.png) - -##### mv的另一个作用:重命名,用法:mv 旧文件名 新文件名 - -### `**************作业3,将a-content.txt重命名为a-content.csv,并截图**************` - -##### iv)`rm`:删除文件/文件夹 - -![rm](img/assignment1/rm.png) - -##### 提示:rm命令一定要慎用慎用再慎用,一旦删除无法找回。比较稳妥的操作,不用的文件,先用mv命令移动到/tmp/目录下,系统会定期清理。对系统文件禁用rm!! - -##### v)`sort`:对文件内容进行排序,并打印。下载文件[b-content.txt](file/assignment1/b-content.txt),上传到云主机你的个人home目录下,并按照下图练习sort。 - -![sort](img/assignment1/sort.png) - -#### 5)Pipelines `|`:连接多个命令,前一个命令的打印输出作为后一个命令的输入(异常强大!!)。重新上传model.py(体会一下使用了rm的危险性 :stuck_out_tongue_winking_eye: ),并按照下图练习。 - -![pipe](img/assignment1/pipe.png) - -### `**************作业4:打印model.py第300行到400行之间的所有函数名,附上截图**************` - - -## `******当你看到这句话时,实验已经结束,请立即删除云主机,节省费用!!!!!******` \ No newline at end of file