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541 lines
15 KiB
541 lines
15 KiB
// Copyright (c) 2011 The LevelDB Authors. All rights reserved.
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// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
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// found in the LICENSE file. See the AUTHORS file for names of contributors.
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#include <sys/types.h>
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#include <stdio.h>
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#include <stdlib.h>
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#include "db/db_impl.h"
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#include "db/version_set.h"
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#include "leveldb/cache.h"
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#include "leveldb/db.h"
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#include "leveldb/env.h"
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#include "leveldb/write_batch.h"
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#include "port/port.h"
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#include "util/crc32c.h"
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#include "util/histogram.h"
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#include "util/random.h"
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#include "util/testutil.h"
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// Comma-separated list of operations to run in the specified order
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// Actual benchmarks:
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// fillseq -- write N values in sequential key order in async mode
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// fillrandom -- write N values in random key order in async mode
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// overwrite -- overwrite N values in random key order in async mode
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// fillsync -- write N/100 values in random key order in sync mode
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// fill100K -- write N/1000 100K values in random order in async mode
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// readseq -- read N values sequentially
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// readreverse -- read N values in reverse order
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// readrandom -- read N values in random order
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// crc32c -- repeated crc32c of 4K of data
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// sha1 -- repeated SHA1 computation over 4K of data
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// Meta operations:
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// compact -- Compact the entire DB
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// heapprofile -- Dump a heap profile (if supported by this port)
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// sync -- switch to synchronous writes (not the default)
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// nosync -- switch to asynchronous writes (the default)
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// tenth -- divide N by 10 (i.e., following benchmarks are smaller)
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// normal -- reset N back to its normal value (1000000)
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static const char* FLAGS_benchmarks =
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"fillseq,"
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"fillsync,"
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"fillrandom,"
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"overwrite,"
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"readrandom,"
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"readrandom," // Extra run to allow previous compactions to quiesce
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"readseq,"
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"readreverse,"
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"compact,"
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"readrandom,"
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"readseq,"
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"readreverse,"
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"fill100K,"
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"crc32c,"
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"sha1"
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;
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// Number of key/values to place in database
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static int FLAGS_num = 1000000;
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// Size of each value
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static int FLAGS_value_size = 100;
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// Arrange to generate values that shrink to this fraction of
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// their original size after compression
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static double FLAGS_compression_ratio = 0.5;
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// Print histogram of operation timings
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static bool FLAGS_histogram = false;
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// Number of bytes to buffer in memtable before compacting
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static int FLAGS_write_buffer_size = 1 << 20;
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namespace leveldb {
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// Helper for quickly generating random data.
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namespace {
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class RandomGenerator {
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private:
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std::string data_;
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int pos_;
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public:
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RandomGenerator() {
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// We use a limited amount of data over and over again and ensure
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// that it is larger than the compression window (32KB), and also
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// large enough to serve all typical value sizes we want to write.
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Random rnd(301);
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std::string piece;
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while (data_.size() < 1048576) {
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// Add a short fragment that is as compressible as specified
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// by FLAGS_compression_ratio.
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test::CompressibleString(&rnd, FLAGS_compression_ratio, 100, &piece);
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data_.append(piece);
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}
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pos_ = 0;
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}
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Slice Generate(int len) {
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if (pos_ + len > data_.size()) {
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pos_ = 0;
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assert(len < data_.size());
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}
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pos_ += len;
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return Slice(data_.data() + pos_ - len, len);
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}
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};
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static Slice TrimSpace(Slice s) {
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int start = 0;
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while (start < s.size() && isspace(s[start])) {
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start++;
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}
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int limit = s.size();
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while (limit > start && isspace(s[limit-1])) {
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limit--;
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}
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return Slice(s.data() + start, limit - start);
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}
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}
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class Benchmark {
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private:
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Cache* cache_;
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DB* db_;
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int num_;
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int heap_counter_;
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double start_;
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double last_op_finish_;
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int64_t bytes_;
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std::string message_;
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Histogram hist_;
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RandomGenerator gen_;
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Random rand_;
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// State kept for progress messages
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int done_;
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int next_report_; // When to report next
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void PrintHeader() {
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const int kKeySize = 16;
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PrintEnvironment();
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fprintf(stdout, "Keys: %d bytes each\n", kKeySize);
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fprintf(stdout, "Values: %d bytes each (%d bytes after compression)\n",
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FLAGS_value_size,
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static_cast<int>(FLAGS_value_size * FLAGS_compression_ratio + 0.5));
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fprintf(stdout, "Entries: %d\n", num_);
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fprintf(stdout, "RawSize: %.1f MB (estimated)\n",
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(((kKeySize + FLAGS_value_size) * num_) / 1048576.0));
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fprintf(stdout, "FileSize: %.1f MB (estimated)\n",
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(((kKeySize + FLAGS_value_size * FLAGS_compression_ratio) * num_)
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/ 1048576.0));
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PrintWarnings();
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fprintf(stdout, "------------------------------------------------\n");
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}
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void PrintWarnings() {
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#if defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(__OPTIMIZE__)
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fprintf(stdout,
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"WARNING: Optimization is disabled: benchmarks unnecessarily slow\n"
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);
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#endif
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#ifndef NDEBUG
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fprintf(stdout,
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"WARNING: Assertions are enabled; benchmarks unnecessarily slow\n");
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#endif
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}
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void PrintEnvironment() {
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fprintf(stderr, "LevelDB: version %d.%d\n",
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kMajorVersion, kMinorVersion);
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#if defined(__linux)
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time_t now = time(NULL);
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fprintf(stderr, "Date: %s", ctime(&now)); // ctime() adds newline
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FILE* cpuinfo = fopen("/proc/cpuinfo", "r");
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if (cpuinfo != NULL) {
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char line[1000];
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int num_cpus = 0;
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std::string cpu_type;
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std::string cache_size;
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while (fgets(line, sizeof(line), cpuinfo) != NULL) {
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const char* sep = strchr(line, ':');
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if (sep == NULL) {
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continue;
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}
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Slice key = TrimSpace(Slice(line, sep - 1 - line));
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Slice val = TrimSpace(Slice(sep + 1));
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if (key == "model name") {
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++num_cpus;
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cpu_type = val.ToString();
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} else if (key == "cache size") {
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cache_size = val.ToString();
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}
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}
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fclose(cpuinfo);
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fprintf(stderr, "CPU: %d * %s\n", num_cpus, cpu_type.c_str());
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fprintf(stderr, "CPUCache: %s\n", cache_size.c_str());
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}
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#endif
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}
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void Start() {
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start_ = Env::Default()->NowMicros() * 1e-6;
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bytes_ = 0;
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message_.clear();
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last_op_finish_ = start_;
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hist_.Clear();
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done_ = 0;
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next_report_ = 100;
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}
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void FinishedSingleOp() {
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if (FLAGS_histogram) {
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double now = Env::Default()->NowMicros() * 1e-6;
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double micros = (now - last_op_finish_) * 1e6;
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hist_.Add(micros);
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if (micros > 20000) {
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fprintf(stderr, "long op: %.1f micros%30s\r", micros, "");
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fflush(stderr);
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}
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last_op_finish_ = now;
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}
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done_++;
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if (done_ >= next_report_) {
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if (next_report_ < 1000) {
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next_report_ += 100;
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} else if (next_report_ < 10000) {
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next_report_ += 1000;
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} else if (next_report_ < 100000) {
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next_report_ += 10000;
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} else {
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next_report_ += 100000;
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}
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fprintf(stderr, "... finished %d ops%30s\r", done_, "");
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fflush(stderr);
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}
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}
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void Stop(const Slice& name) {
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double finish = Env::Default()->NowMicros() * 1e-6;
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// Pretend at least one op was done in case we are running a benchmark
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// that does nto call FinishedSingleOp().
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if (done_ < 1) done_ = 1;
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if (bytes_ > 0) {
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char rate[100];
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snprintf(rate, sizeof(rate), "%5.1f MB/s",
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(bytes_ / 1048576.0) / (finish - start_));
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if (!message_.empty()) {
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message_ = std::string(rate) + " " + message_;
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} else {
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message_ = rate;
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}
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}
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fprintf(stdout, "%-12s : %11.3f micros/op;%s%s\n",
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name.ToString().c_str(),
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(finish - start_) * 1e6 / done_,
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(message_.empty() ? "" : " "),
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message_.c_str());
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if (FLAGS_histogram) {
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fprintf(stdout, "Microseconds per op:\n%s\n", hist_.ToString().c_str());
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}
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fflush(stdout);
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}
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public:
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enum Order {
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SEQUENTIAL,
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RANDOM
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};
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enum DBState {
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FRESH,
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EXISTING
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};
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Benchmark() : cache_(NewLRUCache(200<<20)),
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db_(NULL),
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num_(FLAGS_num),
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heap_counter_(0),
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bytes_(0),
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rand_(301) {
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std::vector<std::string> files;
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Env::Default()->GetChildren("/tmp/dbbench", &files);
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for (int i = 0; i < files.size(); i++) {
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if (Slice(files[i]).starts_with("heap-")) {
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Env::Default()->DeleteFile("/tmp/dbbench/" + files[i]);
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}
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}
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DestroyDB("/tmp/dbbench", Options());
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}
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~Benchmark() {
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delete db_;
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delete cache_;
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}
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void Run() {
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PrintHeader();
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Open();
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const char* benchmarks = FLAGS_benchmarks;
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while (benchmarks != NULL) {
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const char* sep = strchr(benchmarks, ',');
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Slice name;
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if (sep == NULL) {
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name = benchmarks;
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benchmarks = NULL;
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} else {
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name = Slice(benchmarks, sep - benchmarks);
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benchmarks = sep + 1;
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}
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Start();
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WriteOptions write_options;
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write_options.sync = false;
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if (name == Slice("fillseq")) {
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Write(write_options, SEQUENTIAL, FRESH, num_, FLAGS_value_size);
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} else if (name == Slice("fillrandom")) {
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Write(write_options, RANDOM, FRESH, num_, FLAGS_value_size);
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} else if (name == Slice("overwrite")) {
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Write(write_options, RANDOM, EXISTING, num_, FLAGS_value_size);
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} else if (name == Slice("fillsync")) {
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write_options.sync = true;
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Write(write_options, RANDOM, FRESH, num_ / 100, FLAGS_value_size);
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} else if (name == Slice("fill100K")) {
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Write(write_options, RANDOM, FRESH, num_ / 1000, 100 * 1000);
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} else if (name == Slice("readseq")) {
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ReadSequential();
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} else if (name == Slice("readreverse")) {
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ReadReverse();
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} else if (name == Slice("readrandom")) {
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ReadRandom();
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} else if (name == Slice("compact")) {
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Compact();
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} else if (name == Slice("crc32c")) {
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Crc32c(4096, "(4K per op)");
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} else if (name == Slice("sha1")) {
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SHA1(4096, "(4K per op)");
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} else if (name == Slice("heapprofile")) {
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HeapProfile();
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} else {
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fprintf(stderr, "unknown benchmark '%s'\n", name.ToString().c_str());
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}
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Stop(name);
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}
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}
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private:
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void Crc32c(int size, const char* label) {
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// Checksum about 500MB of data total
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std::string data(size, 'x');
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int64_t bytes = 0;
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uint32_t crc = 0;
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while (bytes < 500 * 1048576) {
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crc = crc32c::Value(data.data(), size);
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FinishedSingleOp();
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bytes += size;
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}
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// Print so result is not dead
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fprintf(stderr, "... crc=0x%x\r", static_cast<unsigned int>(crc));
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bytes_ = bytes;
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message_ = label;
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}
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void SHA1(int size, const char* label) {
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// SHA1 about 100MB of data total
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std::string data(size, 'x');
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int64_t bytes = 0;
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char sha1[20];
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while (bytes < 100 * 1048576) {
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port::SHA1_Hash(data.data(), size, sha1);
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FinishedSingleOp();
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bytes += size;
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}
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// Print so result is not dead
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fprintf(stderr, "... sha1=%02x...\r", static_cast<unsigned int>(sha1[0]));
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bytes_ = bytes;
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message_ = label;
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}
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void Open() {
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assert(db_ == NULL);
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Options options;
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options.create_if_missing = true;
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options.max_open_files = 10000;
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options.block_cache = cache_;
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options.write_buffer_size = FLAGS_write_buffer_size;
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Status s = DB::Open(options, "/tmp/dbbench", &db_);
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if (!s.ok()) {
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fprintf(stderr, "open error: %s\n", s.ToString().c_str());
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exit(1);
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}
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}
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void Write(const WriteOptions& options, Order order, DBState state,
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int num_entries, int value_size) {
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if (state == FRESH) {
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delete db_;
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db_ = NULL;
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DestroyDB("/tmp/dbbench", Options());
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Open();
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Start(); // Do not count time taken to destroy/open
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}
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if (num_entries != num_) {
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char msg[100];
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snprintf(msg, sizeof(msg), "(%d ops)", num_entries);
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message_ = msg;
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}
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WriteBatch batch;
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Status s;
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std::string val;
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for (int i = 0; i < num_entries; i++) {
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const int k = (order == SEQUENTIAL) ? i : (rand_.Next() % FLAGS_num);
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char key[100];
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snprintf(key, sizeof(key), "%016d", k);
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batch.Clear();
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batch.Put(key, gen_.Generate(value_size));
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s = db_->Write(options, &batch);
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bytes_ += value_size + strlen(key);
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if (!s.ok()) {
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fprintf(stderr, "put error: %s\n", s.ToString().c_str());
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exit(1);
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}
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FinishedSingleOp();
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}
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}
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void ReadSequential() {
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Iterator* iter = db_->NewIterator(ReadOptions());
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int i = 0;
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for (iter->SeekToFirst(); i < num_ && iter->Valid(); iter->Next()) {
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bytes_ += iter->key().size() + iter->value().size();
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FinishedSingleOp();
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++i;
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}
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delete iter;
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}
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void ReadReverse() {
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Iterator* iter = db_->NewIterator(ReadOptions());
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int i = 0;
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for (iter->SeekToLast(); i < num_ && iter->Valid(); iter->Prev()) {
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bytes_ += iter->key().size() + iter->value().size();
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FinishedSingleOp();
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++i;
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}
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delete iter;
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}
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void ReadRandom() {
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ReadOptions options;
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std::string value;
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for (int i = 0; i < num_; i++) {
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char key[100];
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const int k = rand_.Next() % FLAGS_num;
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snprintf(key, sizeof(key), "%016d", k);
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db_->Get(options, key, &value);
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FinishedSingleOp();
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}
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}
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void Compact() {
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DBImpl* dbi = reinterpret_cast<DBImpl*>(db_);
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dbi->TEST_CompactMemTable();
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int max_level_with_files = 1;
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for (int level = 1; level < config::kNumLevels; level++) {
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uint64_t v;
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char name[100];
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snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "leveldb.num-files-at-level%d", level);
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if (db_->GetProperty(name, &v) && v > 0) {
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max_level_with_files = level;
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}
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}
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for (int level = 0; level < max_level_with_files; level++) {
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dbi->TEST_CompactRange(level, "", "~");
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}
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}
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static void WriteToFile(void* arg, const char* buf, int n) {
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reinterpret_cast<WritableFile*>(arg)->Append(Slice(buf, n));
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}
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void HeapProfile() {
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char fname[100];
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snprintf(fname, sizeof(fname), "/tmp/dbbench/heap-%04d", ++heap_counter_);
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WritableFile* file;
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Status s = Env::Default()->NewWritableFile(fname, &file);
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if (!s.ok()) {
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message_ = s.ToString();
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return;
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}
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bool ok = port::GetHeapProfile(WriteToFile, file);
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delete file;
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if (!ok) {
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message_ = "not supported";
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Env::Default()->DeleteFile(fname);
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}
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}
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};
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}
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int main(int argc, char** argv) {
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for (int i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
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double d;
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int n;
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char junk;
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if (leveldb::Slice(argv[i]).starts_with("--benchmarks=")) {
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FLAGS_benchmarks = argv[i] + strlen("--benchmarks=");
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} else if (sscanf(argv[i], "--compression_ratio=%lf%c", &d, &junk) == 1) {
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FLAGS_compression_ratio = d;
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} else if (sscanf(argv[i], "--histogram=%d%c", &n, &junk) == 1 &&
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(n == 0 || n == 1)) {
|
|
FLAGS_histogram = n;
|
|
} else if (sscanf(argv[i], "--num=%d%c", &n, &junk) == 1) {
|
|
FLAGS_num = n;
|
|
} else if (sscanf(argv[i], "--value_size=%d%c", &n, &junk) == 1) {
|
|
FLAGS_value_size = n;
|
|
} else if (sscanf(argv[i], "--write_buffer_size=%d%c", &n, &junk) == 1) {
|
|
FLAGS_write_buffer_size = n;
|
|
} else {
|
|
fprintf(stderr, "Invalid flag '%s'\n", argv[i]);
|
|
exit(1);
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
leveldb::Benchmark benchmark;
|
|
benchmark.Run();
|
|
return 0;
|
|
}
|