key across multiple files.
As reported in Github issue #339, it is incorrect to split the
same user key across multiple compacted files since it causes
tombstones/newer-versions to be dropped, thereby exposing obsolete
data. There was a fix for #339, but it ended up not fully fixing
the problem. (It checked for boundary problems in the first level
being compacted, but not the second). This problem was revealed
by Github issue 887.
We now adjust boundaries to avoid splitting user keys in both the
first level and the second level.
PiperOrigin-RevId: 374921082
The "DeleteFile" method name causes pain for Windows developers, because
<windows.h> #defines a DeleteFile macro to DeleteFileW or DeleteFileA.
Current code uses workarounds, like #undefining DeleteFile everywhere an
Env is declared, implemented, or used.
This CL removes the need for workarounds by renaming Env::DeleteFile to
Env::RemoveFile. For consistency, Env::DeleteDir is also renamed to
Env::RemoveDir. A few internal methods are also renamed for consistency.
Software that supports Windows is expected to migrate any Env
implementations and usage to Remove{File,Dir}, and never use the name
Env::Delete{File,Dir} in its code.
The renaming is done in a backwards-compatible way, at the risk of
making it slightly more difficult to build a new correct Env
implementation. The backwards compatibility is achieved using the
following hacks:
1) Env::Remove{File,Dir} methods are added, with a default
implementation that calls into Env::Delete{File,Dir}. This makes old
Env implementations compatible with code that calls into the updated
API.
2) The Env::Delete{File,Dir} methods are no longer pure virtuals.
Instead, they gain a default implementation that calls into
Env::Remove{File,Dir}. This makes updated Env implementations
compatible with code that calls into the old API.
The cost of this approach is that it's possible to write an Env without
overriding either Rename{File,Dir} or Delete{File,Dir}, without getting
a compiler warning. However, attempting to run the test suite will
immediately fail with an infinite call stack ending in
{Remove,Delete}{File,Dir}, making developers aware of the problem.
PiperOrigin-RevId: 288710907
Added unreached return at the end of Version::Get::State::Match
to stop this _incorrect_ warning:
version_set.cc:376:5: warning: control reaches end of
non-void function [-Wreturn-type]
This warning was being emitted when building with clang 6.0.1-10
and also emitted by lgtm.com when statically analyzing leveldb even
though all SaverState enumeration values were handled.
PiperOrigin-RevId: 272455474
1) Convert iterator-based for loops to C++11 foreach loops.
2) Convert "void operator=" to "T& operator=".
3) Switch from copy operators from private to public deleted.
4) Switch from empty ctors / dtors to "= default" where appropriate.
PiperOrigin-RevId: 246679195
Use clang-format to correct formatting to be in agreement with the [Google C++ Style Guide](https://google.github.io/styleguide/cppguide.html). Doing this simplifies the process of accepting changes. Also fixed a few warnings flagged by clang-tidy.
PiperOrigin-RevId: 246350737
Closesgoogle/leveldb#320
During compaction it was possible that records from a block b1=(l1,u1)
would be pushed down from level i to level i+1. If there is a block
b2=(l2,u2) at level i with k1 = user_key(u1) = user_key(l2) then
a subsequent search for k1 will yield the record l2 which has a smaller
sequence number than u1 because the sort order for records sorts
increasing by user key but decreaing by sequence number.
This change add a call to a new function AddBoundaryInputs to
SetupOtherInputs. AddBoundaryInputs searches for a block b2 matching the
criteria above and adds it to the set of files to be compacted. Whenever
AddBoundaryInputs is called it is important that the compaction fileset
in level i+1 (known as c->inputs_[1] in the code) be recomputed. Each
call to AddBoundaryInputs is followed by a call to GetOverlappingInputs.
SetupOtherInputs is called on both manual and automated compaction
passes. It is called for both level zero and for levels greater than 0.
The original change posted in https://github.com/google/leveldb/pull/339
has been modified to also include changed made by Chris Mumford<cmumford@google.com>
in 4b72cb14f8
1. Releasing snapshots during test cleanup to avoid
memory leak warnings.
2. Refactored test to use testutil.h to be in line
with other issue tests and to create the test
database in the correct temporary location.
3. Added copyright banner.
Otherwise, just minor formatting and limiting character
width to 80 characters.
Additionally the change was rebased on top of current master and
changes previously made to the Makefile were ported to the
CMakeLists.txt.
Testing Done:
A test program (issue320_test) was constructed that performs mutations
while snapshots are active. issue320_test fails without this bug fix
after 64k writes. It passes with this bug fix. It was run with 200M
writes and passed.
Unit tests were written for the new function that was added to the
code. Make test was run and seen to pass.
Signed-off-by: Richard Cole <richcole@amazon.com>
This change adds a native Windows port (port_windows.h) and a
Windows Env (WindowsEnv).
Note1: "small" is defined when including <Windows.h> so some
parameters were renamed to avoid conflict.
Note2: leveldb::Env defines the method: "DeleteFile" which is
also a constant defined when including <Windows.h>. The solution
was to ensure this macro is defined in env.h which forces
the function, when compiled, to be either DeleteFileA or
DeleteFileW when building for MBCS or UNICODE respectively.
This resolves#519 on GitHub.
-------------
Created by MOE: https://github.com/google/moe
MOE_MIGRATED_REVID=236364778
The dead code has been in the codebase since the initial commit and is
generating a compiler warning when used in Xcode.
-------------
Created by MOE: https://github.com/google/moe
MOE_MIGRATED_REVID=164174594
BTRFS reorders rename and write operations, so it is possible that a filesystem crash and recovery results in a situation where the file pointed to by CURRENT does not exist. DB::Open currently reports an I/O error in this case. Reporting database corruption is a better hint to the caller, which can attempt to recover the database or erase it and start over.
This issue is not merely theoretical. It was reported as having showed up in the wild at https://github.com/google/leveldb/issues/195 and at https://crbug.com/738961. Also, asides from the BTRFS case described above, incorrect data in CURRENT seems like a possible corruption case that should be handled gracefully.
The Env API changes here can be considered backwards compatible, because an implementation that returns Status::IOError instead of Status::NotFound will still get the same functionality as before.
-------------
Created by MOE: https://github.com/google/moe
MOE_MIGRATED_REVID=161432630
Prior implementation would always try to reuse the manifest, even if reuse_logs
was false (the default). This was missed because the stock
Env::NewAppendableFile implementation returns false forcing the creation of a
new log.
(Based on a suggestion by cmumford.)
"open" benchmark on my workstation speeds up significantly since we
can now avoid three fdatasync calls and a compaction per open:
Before: ~80000 microseconds
After: ~130 microseconds
Details:
(1) Added Options::reuse_logs (currently defaults to false) to control
new behavior. The intention is to change the default to true after some
baking.
(2) Added Env::NewAppendableFile() whose default implementation returns
a not-supported error.
(3) VersionSet::Recovery attempts to reuse the MANIFEST from which
it is recovering.
(4) DBImpl recovery attempts to reuse the last log file and memtable.
(5) db_test.cc now tests a new configuration that sets reuse_logs to true.
(6) fault_injection_test also tests a reuse_logs==true config.
(7) Added a new recovery_test.
- Cleanup: delete unused IntSetToString
It was added in http://cr/19491949 (and was referenced at the time).
The last reference was removed in http://cr/19507363.
This fixes warning/error with pre-release crosstoolv18:
'std::string leveldb::{anonymous}::IntSetToString(const std::set<long unsigned int>&)' defined but not used [-Werror=unused-function]
- Added arm64 and and armv7s to IOS build as suggested on leveldb mailing list.
- Changed local variable type from int to size_t
This eliminates compiler warning/error and resolves
https://code.google.com/p/leveldb/issues/detail?id=140
- switched from mmap based writing to simpler stdio based writing. Has a
minor impact (0.5 microseconds) on microbenchmarks for asynchronous
writes. Synchronous writes speed up from 30ms to 10ms on linux/ext4.
Should be much more reliable on diverse platforms.
- compaction errors now immediately put the database into a read-only
mode (until it is re-opened). As a downside, a disk going out of
space and then space being created will require a re-open to recover
from, whereas previously that would happen automatically. On the
plus side, many corruption possibilities go away.
- force the DB to enter an error-state so that all future writes fail
when a synchronous log write succeeds but the sync fails.
- repair now regenerates sstables that exhibit problems
- fix issue 218 - Use native memory barriers on OSX
- fix issue 212 - QNX build is broken
- fix build on iOS with xcode 5
- make tests compile and pass on windows
Fix issues 77, 87, 182, 190.
Additionally, fix the bug described in
https://groups.google.com/d/msg/leveldb/yL6h1mAOc20/vLU64RylIdMJ
where a large contiguous keyspace of deleted data was not getting
compacted.
Also fix a bug where options.max_open_files was not getting clamped
properly.
Highlights
----------
Mmap at most 1000 files on Posix to improve performance for large databases.
Support for more architectures (thanks to Alexander K.)
Building and porting
--------------------
HP/UX support (issue 126)
AtomicPointer for ia64 (issue 123)
Sparc v9 support (issue 124)
Atomic ops for powerpc
Use -fno-builtin-memcmp only when using g++
Simplify IOS build rules (issue 114)
Use CXXFLAGS instead of CFLAGS when invoking C++ compiler (issue 118)
Fix snappy shared library problem (issue 94)
Fix shared library installation path regression
Endian-ness detection tweak for FreeBSD
Bug fixes
---------
Stop ignoring FLAGS_open_files in db_bench
Make bloom test behavior agnostic to endian-ness
Performance
-----------
Limit number of mmapped files to 1000 to improve perf for large dbs
Do not delay for 1 second on shutdown path (issue 125)
Misc
----
Make InMemoryEnv return a no-op logger
C binding now has a wrapper for free (issue 117)
Add thread-safety annotations
Added an in-process lock table (issue 120)
Make RandomAccessFile and SequentialFile non-copyable
various platforms; improve android port speed.
Avoid static initializer by using a new portability interface for
thread-safe lazy initialization. Custom ports will need to be
extended to implement InitOnce/OnceType/LEVELDB_ONCE_INIT.
Fix endian-ness detection (fixes Powerpc builds).
Build related fixes:
- Support platforms that have unversioned shared libraries.
- Fix IOS build rules.
Android improvements
- Speed up atomic pointers
- Share more code with port_posix.
Do not spin in a tight loop attempting compactions if the file system
is inaccessible (e.g., if kerberos tickets have expired or if it is out
of space).
In particular, we add a new FilterPolicy class. An instance
of this class can be supplied in Options when opening a
database. If supplied, the instance is used to generate
summaries of keys (e.g., a bloom filter) which are placed in
sstables. These summaries are consulted by DB::Get() so we
can avoid reading sstable blocks that are guaranteed to not
contain the key we are looking for.
This change provides one implementation of FilterPolicy
based on bloom filters.
Other changes:
- Updated version number to 1.4.
- Some build tweaks.
- C binding for CompactRange.
- A few more benchmarks: deleteseq, deleterandom, readmissing, seekrandom.
- Minor .gitignore update.
- Replace raw slice comparison with a call to user comparator.
Added test for custom comparators.
- Fix end of namespace comments.
- Fixed bug in picking inputs for a level-0 compaction.
When finding overlapping files, the covered range may expand
as files are added to the input set. We now correctly expand
the range when this happens instead of continuing to use the
old range. For example, suppose L0 contains files with the
following ranges:
F1: a .. d
F2: c .. g
F3: f .. j
and the initial compaction target is F3. We used to search
for range f..j which yielded {F2,F3}. However we now expand
the range as soon as another file is added. In this case,
when F2 is added, we expand the range to c..j and restart the
search. That picks up file F1 as well.
This change fixes a bug related to deleted keys showing up
incorrectly after a compaction as described in Issue 44.
(Sync with upstream @25072954)
- Added DB::CompactRange() method.
Changed manual compaction code so it breaks up compactions of
big ranges into smaller compactions.
Changed the code that pushes the output of memtable compactions
to higher levels to obey the grandparent constraint: i.e., we
must never have a single file in level L that overlaps too
much data in level L+1 (to avoid very expensive L-1 compactions).
Added code to pretty-print internal keys.
- Fixed bug where we would not detect overlap with files in
level-0 because we were incorrectly using binary search
on an array of files with overlapping ranges.
Added "leveldb.sstables" property that can be used to dump
all of the sstables and ranges that make up the db state.
- Removing post_write_snapshot support. Email to leveldb mailing
list brought up no users, just confusion from one person about
what it meant.
- Fixing static_cast char to unsigned on BIG_ENDIAN platforms.
Fixes Issue 35 and Issue 36.
- Comment clarification to address leveldb Issue 37.
- Change license in posix_logger.h to match other files.
- A build problem where uint32 was used instead of uint32_t.
Sync with upstream @24408625
- Fix bug in Get: when it triggers a compaction, it could sometimes
mark the compaction with the wrong level (if there was a gap
in the set of levels examined for the Get).
- Do not hold mutex while writing to the log file or to the
MANIFEST file.
Added a new benchmark that runs a writer thread concurrently with
reader threads.
Percentiles
------------------------------
micros/op: avg median 99 99.9 99.99 99.999 max
------------------------------------------------------
before: 42 38 110 225 32000 42000 48000
after: 24 20 55 65 130 1100 7000
- Fixed race in optimized Get. It should have been using the
pinned memtables, not the current memtables.
git-svn-id: https://leveldb.googlecode.com/svn/trunk@50 62dab493-f737-651d-591e-8d6aee1b9529
- Removed one copy of an uncompressed block contents changing
the signature of Snappy_Uncompress() so it uncompresses into a
flat array instead of a std::string.
Speeds up readrandom ~10%.
- Instead of a combination of Env/WritableFile, we now have a
Logger interface that can be easily overridden applications
that want to supply their own logging.
- Separated out the gcc and Sun Studio parts of atomic_pointer.h
so we can use 'asm', 'volatile' keywords for Sun Studio.
git-svn-id: https://leveldb.googlecode.com/svn/trunk@39 62dab493-f737-651d-591e-8d6aee1b9529
- LevelDB patch for Sun Studio
Based on a patch submitted by Theo Schlossnagle - thanks!
This fixes Issue 17.
- Fix a couple of test related memory leaks.
git-svn-id: https://leveldb.googlecode.com/svn/trunk@38 62dab493-f737-651d-591e-8d6aee1b9529
Slight tweak to the no-overlap optimization: only push to
level 2 to reduce the amount of wasted space when the same
small key range is being repeatedly overwritten.
Fix for Issue 18: Avoid failure on Windows by avoiding
deletion of lock file until the end of DestroyDB().
Fix for Issue 19: Disregard sequence numbers when checking for
overlap in sstable ranges. This fixes issue 19: when writing
the same key over and over again, we would generate a sequence
of sstables that were never merged together since their sequence
numbers were disjoint.
Don't ignore map/unmap error checks.
Miscellaneous fixes for small problems Sanjay found while diagnosing
issue/9 and issue/16 (corruption_testr failures).
- log::Reader reports the record type when it finds an unexpected type.
- log::Reader no longer reports an error when it encounters an expected
zero record regardless of the setting of the "checksum" flag.
- Added a missing forward declaration.
- Documented a side-effects of larger write buffer sizes
(longer recovery time).
git-svn-id: https://leveldb.googlecode.com/svn/trunk@37 62dab493-f737-651d-591e-8d6aee1b9529
- Implemented Get() directly instead of building on top of a full
merging iterator stack. This speeds up the "readrandom" benchmark
by up to 15-30%.
- Fixed an opensource compilation problem.
Added --db=<name> flag to control where the database is placed.
- Automatically compact a file when we have done enough
overlapping seeks to that file.
- Fixed a performance bug where we would read from at least one
file in a level even if none of the files overlapped the key
being read.
- Makefile fix for Mac OSX installations that have XCode 4 without XCode 3.
- Unified the two occurrences of binary search in a file-list
into one routine.
- Found and fixed a bug where we would unnecessarily search the
last file when looking for a key larger than all data in the
level.
- A fix to avoid the need for trivial move compactions and
therefore gets rid of two out of five syncs in "fillseq".
- Removed the MANIFEST file write when switching to a new
memtable/log-file for a 10-20% improvement on fill speed on ext4.
- Adding a SNAPPY setting in the Makefile for folks who have
Snappy installed. Snappy compresses values and speeds up writes.
git-svn-id: https://leveldb.googlecode.com/svn/trunk@32 62dab493-f737-651d-591e-8d6aee1b9529
xxy
Victor Costan
Eric Wang
zzt
Sanjay Ghemawat
leveldb Team
Chris Mumford
neal-zhu
Richard Cole
Dimitris Apostolou
MarcoFalke
davidair
corrado
Chris Mumford
David Grogan
Hans Wennborg
Gabor Cselle
gabor@google.com
dgrogan@chromium.org