《操作系统》的实验代码。
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  1. PROJ := 8
  2. EMPTY :=
  3. SPACE := $(EMPTY) $(EMPTY)
  4. SLASH := /
  5. V := @
  6. # try to infer the correct GCCPREFX
  7. ifndef GCCPREFIX
  8. GCCPREFIX := $(shell if i386-ucore-elf-objdump -i 2>&1 | grep '^elf32-i386$$' >/dev/null 2>&1; \
  9. then echo 'i386-ucore-elf-'; \
  10. elif objdump -i 2>&1 | grep 'elf32-i386' >/dev/null 2>&1; \
  11. then echo ''; \
  12. else echo "***" 1>&2; \
  13. echo "*** Error: Couldn't find an i386-ucore-elf version of GCC/binutils." 1>&2; \
  14. echo "*** Is the directory with i386-ucore-elf-gcc in your PATH?" 1>&2; \
  15. echo "*** If your i386-ucore-elf toolchain is installed with a command" 1>&2; \
  16. echo "*** prefix other than 'i386-ucore-elf-', set your GCCPREFIX" 1>&2; \
  17. echo "*** environment variable to that prefix and run 'make' again." 1>&2; \
  18. echo "*** To turn off this error, run 'gmake GCCPREFIX= ...'." 1>&2; \
  19. echo "***" 1>&2; exit 1; fi)
  20. endif
  21. # try to infer the correct QEMU
  22. ifndef QEMU
  23. QEMU := $(shell if which qemu > /dev/null; \
  24. then echo 'qemu'; exit; \
  25. elif which i386-ucore-elf-qemu > /dev/null; \
  26. then echo 'i386-ucore-elf-qemu'; exit; \
  27. else \
  28. echo "***" 1>&2; \
  29. echo "*** Error: Couldn't find a working QEMU executable." 1>&2; \
  30. echo "*** Is the directory containing the qemu binary in your PATH" 1>&2; \
  31. echo "***" 1>&2; exit 1; fi)
  32. endif
  33. # eliminate default suffix rules
  34. .SUFFIXES: .c .S .h
  35. # delete target files if there is an error (or make is interrupted)
  36. .DELETE_ON_ERROR:
  37. # define compiler and flags
  38. HOSTCC := gcc
  39. HOSTCFLAGS := -g -Wall -O2
  40. GDB := $(GCCPREFIX)gdb
  41. CC ?= $(GCCPREFIX)gcc
  42. CFLAGS := -fno-builtin -Wall -ggdb -m32 -gstabs -nostdinc $(DEFS)
  43. CFLAGS += $(shell $(CC) -fno-stack-protector -E -x c /dev/null >/dev/null 2>&1 && echo -fno-stack-protector)
  44. CTYPE := c S
  45. LD := $(GCCPREFIX)ld
  46. LDFLAGS := -m $(shell $(LD) -V | grep elf_i386 2>/dev/null)
  47. LDFLAGS += -nostdlib
  48. OBJCOPY := $(GCCPREFIX)objcopy
  49. OBJDUMP := $(GCCPREFIX)objdump
  50. COPY := cp
  51. MKDIR := mkdir -p
  52. MV := mv
  53. RM := rm -f
  54. AWK := awk
  55. SED := sed
  56. SH := sh
  57. TR := tr
  58. TOUCH := touch -c
  59. OBJDIR := obj
  60. BINDIR := bin
  61. ALLOBJS :=
  62. ALLDEPS :=
  63. TARGETS :=
  64. include tools/function.mk
  65. listf_cc = $(call listf,$(1),$(CTYPE))
  66. # for cc
  67. add_files_cc = $(call add_files,$(1),$(CC),$(CFLAGS) $(3),$(2),$(4))
  68. create_target_cc = $(call create_target,$(1),$(2),$(3),$(CC),$(CFLAGS))
  69. # for hostcc
  70. add_files_host = $(call add_files,$(1),$(HOSTCC),$(HOSTCFLAGS),$(2),$(3))
  71. create_target_host = $(call create_target,$(1),$(2),$(3),$(HOSTCC),$(HOSTCFLAGS))
  72. cgtype = $(patsubst %.$(2),%.$(3),$(1))
  73. objfile = $(call toobj,$(1))
  74. asmfile = $(call cgtype,$(call toobj,$(1)),o,asm)
  75. outfile = $(call cgtype,$(call toobj,$(1)),o,out)
  76. symfile = $(call cgtype,$(call toobj,$(1)),o,sym)
  77. # for match pattern
  78. match = $(shell echo $(2) | $(AWK) '{for(i=1;i<=NF;i++){if(match("$(1)","^"$$(i)"$$")){exit 1;}}}'; echo $$?)
  79. # >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
  80. # include kernel/user
  81. INCLUDE += libs/
  82. CFLAGS += $(addprefix -I,$(INCLUDE))
  83. LIBDIR += libs
  84. $(call add_files_cc,$(call listf_cc,$(LIBDIR)),libs,)
  85. # -------------------------------------------------------------------
  86. # kernel
  87. KINCLUDE += kern/debug/ \
  88. kern/driver/ \
  89. kern/trap/ \
  90. kern/mm/ \
  91. kern/libs/ \
  92. kern/sync/ \
  93. kern/fs/
  94. KSRCDIR += kern/init \
  95. kern/libs \
  96. kern/debug \
  97. kern/driver \
  98. kern/trap \
  99. kern/mm \
  100. kern/sync \
  101. kern/fs
  102. KCFLAGS += $(addprefix -I,$(KINCLUDE))
  103. $(call add_files_cc,$(call listf_cc,$(KSRCDIR)),kernel,$(KCFLAGS))
  104. KOBJS = $(call read_packet,kernel libs)
  105. # create kernel target
  106. kernel = $(call totarget,kernel)
  107. $(kernel): tools/kernel.ld
  108. $(kernel): $(KOBJS)
  109. @echo + ld $@
  110. $(V)$(LD) $(LDFLAGS) -T tools/kernel.ld -o $@ $(KOBJS)
  111. @$(OBJDUMP) -S $@ > $(call asmfile,kernel)
  112. @$(OBJDUMP) -t $@ | $(SED) '1,/SYMBOL TABLE/d; s/ .* / /; /^$$/d' > $(call symfile,kernel)
  113. $(call create_target,kernel)
  114. # -------------------------------------------------------------------
  115. # create bootblock
  116. bootfiles = $(call listf_cc,boot)
  117. $(foreach f,$(bootfiles),$(call cc_compile,$(f),$(CC),$(CFLAGS) -Os -nostdinc))
  118. bootblock = $(call totarget,bootblock)
  119. $(bootblock): $(call toobj,boot/bootasm.S) $(call toobj,$(bootfiles)) | $(call totarget,sign)
  120. @echo + ld $@
  121. $(V)$(LD) $(LDFLAGS) -N -T tools/boot.ld $^ -o $(call toobj,bootblock)
  122. @$(OBJDUMP) -S $(call objfile,bootblock) > $(call asmfile,bootblock)
  123. @$(OBJCOPY) -S -O binary $(call objfile,bootblock) $(call outfile,bootblock)
  124. @$(call totarget,sign) $(call outfile,bootblock) $(bootblock)
  125. $(call create_target,bootblock)
  126. # -------------------------------------------------------------------
  127. # create 'sign' tools
  128. $(call add_files_host,tools/sign.c,sign,sign)
  129. $(call create_target_host,sign,sign)
  130. # -------------------------------------------------------------------
  131. # create ucore.img
  132. UCOREIMG := $(call totarget,ucore.img)
  133. $(UCOREIMG): $(kernel) $(bootblock)
  134. $(V)dd if=/dev/zero of=$@ count=10000
  135. $(V)dd if=$(bootblock) of=$@ conv=notrunc
  136. $(V)dd if=$(kernel) of=$@ seek=1 conv=notrunc
  137. $(call create_target,ucore.img)
  138. # -------------------------------------------------------------------
  139. # create swap.img
  140. SWAPIMG := $(call totarget,swap.img)
  141. $(SWAPIMG):
  142. $(V)dd if=/dev/zero of=$@ bs=1M count=128
  143. $(call create_target,swap.img)
  144. # >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
  145. $(call finish_all)
  146. IGNORE_ALLDEPS = clean \
  147. dist-clean \
  148. grade \
  149. touch \
  150. print-.+ \
  151. handin
  152. ifeq ($(call match,$(MAKECMDGOALS),$(IGNORE_ALLDEPS)),0)
  153. -include $(ALLDEPS)
  154. endif
  155. # files for grade script
  156. TARGETS: $(TARGETS)
  157. .DEFAULT_GOAL := TARGETS
  158. QEMUOPTS = -hda $(UCOREIMG) -drive file=$(SWAPIMG),media=disk,cache=writeback
  159. .PHONY: qemu qemu-nox debug debug-nox
  160. qemu: $(UCOREIMG) $(SWAPIMG)
  161. $(V)$(QEMU) -parallel stdio $(QEMUOPTS) -serial null
  162. qemu-nox: $(UCOREIMG) $(SWAPIMG)
  163. $(V)$(QEMU) -serial mon:stdio $(QEMUOPTS) -nographic
  164. TERMINAL := gnome-terminal
  165. debug: $(UCOREIMG) $(SWAPIMG)
  166. $(V)$(QEMU) -S -s -parallel stdio $(QEMUOPTS) -serial null &
  167. $(V)sleep 2
  168. $(V)$(TERMINAL) -e "$(GDB) -q -x tools/gdbinit"
  169. debug-nox: $(UCOREIMG) $(SWAPIMG)
  170. $(V)$(QEMU) -S -s -serial mon:stdio $(QEMUOPTS) -nographic &
  171. $(V)sleep 2
  172. $(V)$(TERMINAL) -e "$(GDB) -q -x tools/gdbinit"
  173. .PHONY: grade touch
  174. GRADE_GDB_IN := .gdb.in
  175. GRADE_QEMU_OUT := .qemu.out
  176. HANDIN := proj$(PROJ)-handin.tar.gz
  177. TOUCH_FILES := kern/trap/trap.c
  178. MAKEOPTS := --quiet --no-print-directory
  179. grade:
  180. $(V)$(MAKE) $(MAKEOPTS) clean
  181. $(V)$(SH) tools/grade.sh
  182. touch:
  183. $(V)$(foreach f,$(TOUCH_FILES),$(TOUCH) $(f))
  184. print-%:
  185. @echo $($(shell echo $(patsubst print-%,%,$@) | $(TR) [a-z] [A-Z]))
  186. .PHONY: clean dist-clean handin packall tags
  187. clean:
  188. $(V)$(RM) $(GRADE_GDB_IN) $(GRADE_QEMU_OUT) cscope* tags
  189. -$(RM) -r $(OBJDIR) $(BINDIR)
  190. dist-clean: clean
  191. -$(RM) $(HANDIN)
  192. handin: packall
  193. @echo Please visit http://learn.tsinghua.edu.cn and upload $(HANDIN). Thanks!
  194. packall: clean
  195. @$(RM) -f $(HANDIN)
  196. @tar -czf $(HANDIN) `find . -type f -o -type d | grep -v '^\.*$$' | grep -vF '$(HANDIN)'`
  197. tags:
  198. @echo TAGS ALL
  199. $(V)rm -f cscope.files cscope.in.out cscope.out cscope.po.out tags
  200. $(V)find . -type f -name "*.[chS]" >cscope.files
  201. $(V)cscope -bq
  202. $(V)ctags -L cscope.files